Also known as the subcutaneous layer, the hypodermis is the innermost layer of the integumentary system. It consists primarily of adipose tissue (fat) and loose connective tissue. It serves as an insulator to help regulate body temperature and acts as a cushion to protect underlying muscles and bones.
Dermis
The dermis is the thick layer of living tissue below the epidermis that contains blood capillaries, nerve endings, sweat glands, and hair follicles. It is primarily composed of connective tissue, including collagen and elastin, which provide the skin with its strength and elasticity.
Meiosis
Meiosis is a specialized type of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half, creating four genetically unique haploid cells. This process occurs only in the production of gametes (sperm and eggs) and ensures genetic diversity in offspring through sexual reproduction.
Mitosis
Mitosis is the process of cell division that results in two genetically identical daughter cells. It is essential for growth, tissue repair, and the maintenance of body structures. During mitosis, the cell’s replicated DNA is precisely divided between the two new nuclei.
Bell’s Palsy
Bell’s palsy causes sudden, temporary weakness in your facial muscles. This makes half of your face appear to droop. Your smile is one-sided, and your eye on that side resists closing. Bell’s palsy, also known as acute peripheral facial palsy of unknown cause, can occur at any age.
Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) occurs when a blood clot (thrombus) forms in one or more of the deep veins in your body, usually in your legs. DVT is a serious condition because blood clots in your veins can break loose, travel through your bloodstream and lodge in your lungs, blocking blood flow (pulmonary embolism).
Lymphedema
Lymphedema is swelling that generally occurs in one of your arms or legs. Sometimes both arms or both legs swell. Lymphedema is most commonly caused by the removal of or damage to your lymph nodes as a part of cancer treatment, resulting from a blockage in your lymphatic system.
Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS)
Thoracic Outlet Syndrome is a group of disorders that occur when blood vessels or nerves in the space between your collarbone and your first rib (thoracic outlet) are compressed. This can cause pain in your shoulders and neck and numbness in your fingers.